Heinrich boczkowski



(No Model.)

H. BUGZKOWSKI.

PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP SHEETS.

No. 273,946. Patented Mar. 13,1883.

N. PETERS. Phmoljdmgnpiur. wzlhin loa. D. (L

UNITED STATES PATENT 'rrrc n.

HEINRICH BUCZKOYVSKI, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP SHEETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,946, dated March13, 1883.

Application filed July 1], 1882.

To all whom it may concern Beitknown thatI, HEINRICH BUozKowsKr,

a subject of the Emperor of Austria, residingat the city of Vienna, inthe Austro-Hnngarian Empire, have invented a certain new and usefulProcess of Making Soap Sheets; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

expeditious and economical than any other known to me, and it yields afiner product, andis carried out in the following manner: I takeglycerine soap and a neutral cocoa, palm, or tallow soap manufactured inthe ordinary way and well seasoned. These two sorts of soap are firstdried, in order to free them as far as possible from the water containedtherein. For this latter purpose the soap is reduced into small piecesor shavings, by planing or otherwise, to facilitate the drying anddissolving of the same. 1 next prepare in a boiler a mixture of aboutten parts, by weight, of glycerine and thirty-five parts of spirit, inwhich are put about sixty parts of the dried glycerine soap and fiftyparts of the other or dried neutral soap, (the cocoa soap beingpreferred on account of its making much foam.) The whole mixture isheated to from 72 to 82 Celsius, and continuously stirred until it isreduced to a perfectly homogeneous and rather liquid mass, without solidparts or clods. To hasten the congelation of the soap, and to give afinertgloss to the paper or other substance which is to be. coatedwithit, onehalf to one per centum of turpentine-oil may be added to theliquid. Of course disinfecting and perfumin g materials may he addedthereto. This liquid mass is poured into a trough provided with a jacketinto which hot water or steam is led, in order to keep the soap solutionconstantly at a temperature of from 72 to 2 Celsius.

The annexed drawing represents in a longitudinal section an apparatuswhich may be advantageously employed in carrying out my invention.

This process for making soap sheets is more.

(No model.)

jacket. As maybe seen in the drawing, three rollers or cylinders, a b c,are suspendedin the trough A, and one of them, ca nay be made to turnupon its axis; but this is not absolutelynecessary. On the outside ofthe trough there is fixed a strikeror smoothing-bar, d,

and a hollow metallic cylinder, e. The cylin- A is the said trough; A"Ais the steamder 6 may be heated by hot water or steam in' anyappropriate manner; but in most cases, especially when the temperatureof the surrounding air is pretty high, this heating may be dispensedwith. The other rollers or cylinders and the bar d may be made of glass,porcelain, metal, or other hard and smooth materials. The material thatserves for the preparation of soap sheets, by being coated or saturatedwith liquid soap, must consist of a substance of great capillarity orabsorbent power and its most. advantageous form for receiving suchcoating is that of a continuous sheet, or so-called endless roll. Suchmaterials ar'e paper, linen, silk, jute, cotton, or woolen stuffs. Thecontinuous sheet or endless roll is passed, in the direct-ion indicatedby the arrow, over the smoothing-guide or striker d into the trough A,containing the soap solution.- It then passes'under the two guiderollers or cylindersd and b, which guide and hold down the stuff in theliquid mass.

Next it passes under the cylinder 0, which may be heated, and finallyover the cylinder 6 to a rolling apparatus. The duty of the bar d (whichmay be replaced by a roller) is to cause the stuff which is to imbibe ortake up the soap solution to enter the trough in a welt stretchedcondition, and with its whole breadth free from any fold or crease. Thecylinder 6 strips off the surplus soap from the upper side at atemperature of from 72 to 82 Celsius, whereby the formation of clods issubstantially prevented, while otherwise at a lower temperature spiritmust be added, and by repeated additions the whole mass would become toodiluted.

The cylinders c and may be transposed,if desired. It is preferable tomake the cylinder 0 vertically adjustable, so that it can be placedhigher or lower, according to the varying level pletely dried when itarrives at the rolling apparatu s.

This rolling apparatus for rplling up and unrolling the web or sheet isnot shown in the drawing, as for this purpose any one of the existingapparatus of this kind may be employed.

In order to insure the easy and regular working of the apparatus, andthereby to prevent the breaking off of the web or sheet charged withsoap solution, it is preferable to make the roller a movable around itsaxis, as heretofore stated.

As to the paper I make use of, it must be of great absorbing power andhave a proper degree of toughness for allowing itto resist, even whenimpregnated, the traction exerted upon it during the operation.Paperresemblin g cigarette-paper and containing a certain quantitysayover forty (40) per cent.of cotton fiber is most suitable for thispurpose.

By the above-described process it is possible to impregnate and to coatuniformly with soap entire rolls of fibrous material, especially ofpaper, in a manner thatinsures expeditious and economical operating andthe manufacture of a uniform, fine, and smooth product.

The advantage of operating upon continuous webs or so-called endlessrolls of paper or other material consists in aconsiderablesimplification of the process of drawing the web to be impregnatedthrough the soap solution in the trough, for as soon as the top or outerend of the roll of material has passed under the cylinders no furtherparticular attention need be paid to the feeding and passing of theremainder of the roll or sheet; and, moreover, the soap covered materialcan be drawn through and dried in this stretched or distended condition.By thus drying the impregnated stuff while stretched it becomes possibleto obtain a completely-smooth soap sheet, for if not in a stretchedcondition the impregnated web, in drying, would be drawn together orpuckered and form wrinkled waves. After passing through the rolling-upapparatus the now completed soap sheet enters a cutting apparatus,where, in a manner similar to cigarette-paper, it is beaten or pressedand cut in the desired shape and size. The rolling up may be dispensedwith, and the sheet'may pass direct to the cutting apparatus. The singleleaves are then formed into a book of. block form, and may be packed anddisposed or adjusted in any manner desired. The leaves can in a usefulmanner be fastened together with wire orthread. The pasting of the soapleaves,

however, with the usual pasting ma terial such as gum, mucilage, glue,paste, &c.is not practicable; but for this purpose zinc-white should beused.

The modus operandi is as follows To a hot thin-running(easily-flowing)glue add to one hundred parts ten parts of zinc-white and stir thismixture into a thoroughly-mixed mass; paste the backs (edges) in theusual manner and press them together at once, because the mass possessesthe power of holding or adhering while hot.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The described mixture,consistin gof about ten parts, by weight, ofglycerine, thirty-five parts, by weigh t, of spirit,sixty parts,byweight, of dried glycerine soap, and about fifty parts, by weight, ofdried neutral soap for the manufacturing of soap sheetsviz., forimpregnating and coating paper or other suitable stuffs with soap.

2; The combination of turpentine oil, in about the proportion named,with the described soap solution to hasten the drying of the same, andto givea finer gloss to the sheets or leaflets.

3. The treatment of a fibrous web with a soap solution maintained ataheat of about from 72 to 82 Celsius, for the described purpose.

4. 1n the manufacture of soap sheets, and as a material for absorbingand holding the soap solution, as set forth, the thin paper described,

containing over forty per cent. of cotton fibers. In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH BUCZKOWSKL Witnesses:

WILLIAM HiiNING, JAMES RILEY WEAVER.

